NAME: ANNISA DWIUTAMI
NPM : 20210910
CLASS: 3EB17
Assignment of Business English
3_Part 1
History of The Name “Jakarta”
May 7th , 2013
Known
throughout the wold for being a city of amazing variance. Jakarta combines
cultures from all around the Indonesian traditional, food, archipelago and
modern.
Jakarta,
the capital of the nation, has a fascinating history. Lots of different aspects
have colored the city history and the life of people today. Since the fifth
century, ships from China and Champa (Vietnam), and from all islands in the
archipelago docked at the mouth of the Ciliwung River. Indian and Portuguese
traders also visited this small town. Javanese sailors, carrying spices from
Molucca, also docked there. Nearly all people from the East and West left their
trails to blend special flavor of Jakarta.
Accounts of 16th century European
writers make mention of a city called Kalapa, which apparently served as the
primary port of a Hindu kingdom called Sunda, which had its capital at
Pajajaran, and was situated approximately 40 kilometers inland, nearby where
Bogor nowadays is. The Portuguese where the first large European party to have
had made it to the port of Kalapa. The city was later besieged by a young man
named Fatahillah, who hailed from a kingdom nearby Kalapa. Fatahillah renamed
Sunda Kalapa Jayakarta on 22 June 1527. It’s this date that is commemorated as
Jakarta’s anniversary. The Dutch arrived by the end of the 16th
Century and took control over Jayakarta.
Jayakarta was subsequently renamed
Batavia. Batavia’s swampy environment was similar to that of the Netherlands,
their homeland. They proceeded to build canals in order to protect Batavia
against potential floods. The city’s civic center was situated at a field
located about 500 meters away from the port. The Dutch built a graceful city
hall as Batavia’s seat of government. As time went by, the city of Batavia grew
towards the south. Rapid growth brought about accelerated environmental
degradation, which forced the Dutch rulers to relocate their governance
activities to higher grounds. This area was named Weltevreden. University
students in Batavia promoted Indonesian nationalism at the start of the 20th
century.
A historical decision came to be in
1928, namely the Youth Pledge, which set forth three ideals, namely one
motherland, one nation, and one language of unity: Indonesia. During Japanese
occupation (1942-1945), Batavia was renamed Jakarta. On 17 August 1945, Ir.
Soekarno proclaimed Indonesia’s independence and Indonesia’s Heirloom and Venerated
Bicolor was hoisted for the very first time.Indonesia’s sovereignty was
officially acknowledged in 1949. On that very year, Indonesia also became a
member of the United Nations (UN). In 1966, Jakarta was granted its official
title of Capital of the Republic of Indonesia. It promoted the rate of
development of government office buildings and embassies of friendly countries.
Rapid development created the need for a master plan in order to regulate
Jakarta’s growth. Since 1966, Jakarta has steadily grown into a modern
metropolis. Cultural wealth along with dynamic growth had key contributions
towards Jakarta’s transformation into a noted metropolis in the 21st century.
- Was named Sunda Kelapa in the 14th century and was, at the time, a port of the Pajajaran Kingdom.
- Was renamed Jayakarta on 22 June 1527 by Fatahillah (this date has been set as Jakarta’s anniversary by virtue of temporary city council decree No. 6/D/K/1956).
- Had for the very first time, under Dutch rule, a city government called Stad Batavia on 4 March 1621.
- Was renamed ‘Gemeente Batavia’ on 1 April 1905.
- Was renamed Stad Gemeente Batavia on 8 January 1935.
- Was renamed, by the Japanese, Jakarta Toko Betsu Shi on 8 August 1942.
- The Jakarta city government was named the National Government of Jakarta City in September 1945.
- Was renamed Stad Gemeente Batavia on 20 February 1950 during the Pre-federal Government period.
- Was renamed Kota Praj’a Jakarta on 24 March 1950.
- Jakarta, as an autonomous region, was renamed Municipality of Greater Djakarta on 18 January 1958.
- Government of the Greater Jakarta Capital City Government was formed by virtue of Government Regulation No. 2 of 1961 in conjunction with Law No. 2 PNPS 1961.
- On 31 August 1964, Greater Jakarta Capital City was declared, by virtue of Law No. 10 of 1964, to remain the State Capital of the Republic of Indonesia by the name of Jakarta.
- In 1999, by virtue of Law No. 34 of 1999 concerning Jakarta Capital City Government as capital of the Republic of Indonesia, the nomenclature ‘regional government’ was changed into Jakarta Capital City Government, with autonomy remaining at province level as opposed to the city, and Jakarta Capital City Government was divided into six parts (5 municipalities and the Thousand Islands district).
- Law Number 29 of 2007 concerning Jakarta Capital City as the Capital of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 140 of 2005, Supplement to the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4700)
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